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Some Steps to Thinking Ethically and Being Ethical

 

1. Clarify

Determine precisely what must be decided. What are the alternatives? Eliminate any impractical, illegal or improper alternatives.

Try to develop at least three ethically justifiable options. Examine each option to determine which ethical principles and ethical values are involved.

Who are the stakeholders? Are there risks or stewardship issues to do with local, global or cosmic environments?

2. Assess

Separate facts from beliefs, desires, theories and opinions. Assess the influence of personal and/or collective worldviews on assumptions about 'fact'.

Assess the credibility of the sources of information and the motivations of the stakeholders.

With each alternative ethical option attempt to predict likely consequences taking note of linear cause-and-effect vs. systems thinking.  Carefully consider the benefits, costs and risks to each stakeholder.

3. Decide

Are there some right vs. wrong choices?

Classify any ethical dilemmas involving right vs. right choices and evaluate the viable alternatives by prioritizing the ethical values so that you can choose which values to favour.

Which stakeholders will be helped the most and harmed the least?

Ask yourself questions based on ethical guidelines and principles of ethical thinking.

4. Implement

Develop a plan to implement your decision in a way that maximizes the benefits and minimizes the costs and risks. Involve as many stakeholders as possible during implementation.

5. Monitor

Monitor the effects of decisions and be prepared to take alternative action based on new information. Since decisions are often based on incomplete information and predicted consequences they may either fail to produce the predicted consequences or they may produce unforeseen consequences.

6. Reflect

Review you decision making process. Will do it Differently next time? Were you fully aware of your own values and worldview during the process? What feedback should you seek?

 

Reference:  Making Ethical Decisions - Josephson Institute of Ethics

 

 
 
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Page last updated: 08-Aug-2002